Monday, October 26, 2026

IEEE Xplore Digital Library Adds AI Assistant


<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/illustration-of-an-academic-paper-collaged-with-overlapping-question-marks-and-colorful-arrows.jpg?id=68528679&width=1200&height=800&coordinates=121%2C0%2C121%2C0"/><br/><br/><p>IEEE recently released the <a href="https://innovate.ieee.org/ieee_xplore_ai_research_suite/?LT=LG_WB_11.2026_LM_Xplore_AI_InstituteArt" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">IEEE Xplore<em> </em>AI Research Suite</a>, built on the full text of millions of peer-reviewed publications in the <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">IEEE Xplore Digital Library</a>. The library offers full-text access to IEEE <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/collections/world-standards-day/" target="_self">standards</a>, journals, magazines, conference proceedings, and more.</p><p>Researchers who use the AI suite to search the digital library receive answers grounded in verified scientific results, ensuring a high level of accuracy and trust.</p><p>The suite is available as an optional subscription upgrade to all <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ieee-workshop-xplore-africa" target="_self">IEEE Xplore Digital Library</a> institutional subscribers.</p><p>Powered by a proprietary AI system optimized for STEM literature, the suite introduces powerful, intelligent features within the digital library. The suite enables users to seamlessly search and discover articles to accelerate their comprehension of complex technical papers.</p><p>The system surfaces deep insights, replacing the typical keyword queries with natural, conversational research workflows.</p><p>As <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/70-years-of-artificial-intelligence" target="_self">AI</a> tools become more common in conducting research, IEEE collaborated to build the suite around a simple principle: Answers should be trustworthy, not just fast, says <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/w-clem-karl-861a119/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">W. Clem Karl</a>, vice president, <a href="https://pspb.ieee.org/pspb/ieee-publications-services-and-products-board" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">IEEE Publication Services and Products</a>.</p><p>“AI can be a highly effective and beneficial tool that can help researchers accelerate discovery, enhance decision-making, and surface new connections,” Karl says. “However, many AI engines present a great risk of hallucinating answers or introducing bias into otherwise credible research. With this in mind, IEEE has taken a responsible approach in our AI strategy by developing concrete safeguards to ensure our solution is rigorously grounded in scientific evidence that users can trust.</p><p>“As <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ieee-publishing-ethics-research-integrity" target="_self">stewards of the scholarly record</a>, we held the new AI engine to the same standards as the peer-reviewed research we publish: A researcher shouldn’t have to trust an answer; they should be able to verify the work behind it.”</p><h2>Collaboration with the scientific community</h2><p>The IEEE Xplore<em> </em>AI Research Suite was developed in close collaboration with global scientific and library communities.</p><p>The development process began with research into user needs and the challenges associated with existing AI research assistants. More than 3,000 testers—including engineers, scientists, and library information professionals—provided feedback to refine the AI engine and support research workflows.</p><p>Capabilities include: </p><ul><li><strong>Semantic AI search.</strong> Users can input free-form, natural-language queries or paste long blocks of text to locate similar research and identify novel solutions.</li><li><strong>Time-saving summaries.</strong> The platform generates immediate, accurate AI overviews of search results and provides in-context definitions of technical terms so that users can grasp new concepts faster and accelerate their research.</li><li><strong>Built on trusted content.</strong> The suite is the only AI research assistant that uses both the full text and metadata of IEEE’s peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers to optimize the accuracy and relevance of the results.</li><li><strong>Comprehensive coverage.</strong> A variety of STEM metadata is available from journal articles and conference papers that have been curated to include scholarly articles without the typical noise found in other tools.</li><li><strong>Source links and verifiable results.</strong> The AI-generated overviews include reference links to source documents, allowing users to verify information and cross-reference findings.</li></ul><h2>Reducing hallucinations</h2><p>To mitigate the risk of AI hallucinations, the search-retrieval process is limited to querying the millions of IEEE peer-reviewed full-text documents, alongside an expertly curated dataset of STEM metadata. If the AI tool is unable to find relevant scientific content within the defined dataset, it is designed to inform the user rather than generate fabricated answers.</p><p>“IEEE is committed to providing the technical community with a highly precise and reliable research experience,” says <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/steven-heffner-403756/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Steven Heffner</a>, IEEE’s chief publication officer and managing director of IEEE Publications. “The IEEE Xplore AI Research Suite offers something unique in that it is the only AI research assistant that leverages both the full-text and metadata of IEEE’s peer-reviewed content, rather than abstracts alone.</p><p>“The difference is significant: Our internal testing showed a threefold increase in result quality and accuracy across every key metric. These results underscore how critical full-text grounding is for technical research.”</p><p>For more information about features and coverage, or to request a demo for your organization, visit the <a href="https://www.ieee.org/IEEEXploreAI" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">IEEE Xplore AI Research Suite website</a>.</p> Reference: https://ift.tt/Bur341f

Build a Hidden Lock With a Magnetic Imager


<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-medium-sized-box-with-an-open-lid-inside-is-a-lock-mechanism-a-battery-pack-and-some-circuit-boards.png?id=68493268&width=1245&height=700&coordinates=0%2C385%2C0%2C386"/><br/><br/><p>Like many a nerd, I have a certain fascination with locks. This originates in reading the memoir<a href="https://archive.org/details/surely-you-re-joking-mister-feynman-richard-feynman/page/136/mode/2up" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> <em><em>Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman</em></em></a> as a teenager, in which Richard Feynman recounts picking locks and cracking combinations while at his day job working on <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/trinity-nuclear-test" target="_self">the Manhattan Project</a> at Los Alamos. I currently have a couple of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locksport" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">locksport</a> pick sets and training locks that I purchased at hacker conferences over the years (although I’m still terrible at it), and I delight in the YouTube exploits of folks like the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCm9K6rby98W8JigLoZOh6FQ" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">LockPickingLawyer</a>.</p><p>All of which left me wondering if I could try building an interesting lock. One dodge that lockmakers have long used to challenge would-be plunderers is <a href="https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=421986253303149" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">to conceal the existence</a> of the lock itself. A modern variant of this is the magnetic lock, where a magnet is held or slid against an innocuous portion of a door or box, releasing a catch. The problem with this is that, once you guess the location of the lock, <em><em>any</em></em> strong magnet will open it.</p><p>So I started thinking about embedding an <a href="https://ibspot.com/us/products/rixiang-rfid-electronic-cabinet-lock-hidden-diy-for-wooden-cabinet-locker-drawer-cupboard-latch-lock" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">RFID reader under the surface</a> and resigning myself to keeping track of yet another access card. But then I stumbled across something much more interesting: SparkFun’s US $100 <a href="https://www.sparkfun.com/sparkfun-magnetic-imaging-tile-8x8.htm" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">magnetic imaging tile</a>. I realized I could use this to build a magnetic lock that opens with a programmable secret gesture.</p><p class="shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image rm-float-left rm-resized-container rm-resized-container-25" data-rm-resized-container="25%" style="float: left;"> <img alt="Major electronic components of the lockbox." class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="00e27d194d3aa13bc81b5f11f16b4373" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" id="6921a" loading="lazy" src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/major-electronic-components-of-the-lockbox.png?id=68493271&width=980"/> <small class="image-media media-caption" placeholder="Add Photo Caption...">I used a few discrete components to drive the servo motor and put the lock into program mode [top], controlled by a Teensy 4.1 microcontroller [middle]. An array of Hall-effect sensors detect magnetic fields [bottom].</small><small class="image-media media-photo-credit" placeholder="Add Photo Credit...">James Provost</small></p><p>The magnetic imaging tile is a small-run SparkFun board <a href="https://github.com/sparkfun/SparkFun_Magnetic_Imaging_Tile" target="_blank">based on the work of Peter Jansen</a>. It features an 8-by-8 grid of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Hall-effect</a> sensors, and uses an <a href="https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/serial-peripheral-interface-spi/all" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">SPI interface</a> to talk to the microcontroller of your choice. These sensors can detect both the magnitude and polarity of a magnetic field, and the board can report its measurements hundreds to thousands of times per second, depending on how much processing power your microcontroller has available. This is easily fast enough to capture the motion of a magnet being moved by hand across the board’s sensor area—my secret gesture.</p><p>An interesting thing about using magnetic fields is that if I was in extreme paranoia mode, I could shield the entire lock behind copper sheeting, something I couldn’t do with an RFID reader. The copper sheet would act as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_cage" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Faraday cage</a>, blocking any RFID signal, along with any other electromagnetic fields an attacker with an EMF meter might use to locate the lock.</p><h2>Choosing the Brains of the Box</h2><p>I chose a <a href="https://www.sparkfun.com/teensy" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Teensy 4.1</a> as my microcontroller. I like the Teensy because it offers loads of input/output, a 600-megahertz processor, a megabyte of RAM, and a built-in SD card, all in a slim package with an equally slim $32 price tag.</p><p>Wiring the Teensy to the magnetic-imaging tile was trivial, only complicated by the fact that one side of the board has a silk-screen error that misidentifies the SPI connections (SparkFun says this will be fixed in future runs of the board).</p><p class="pull-quote"><span>In extreme paranoia mode, I could shield the entire lock behind copper sheeting.</span></p><p>To create the gesture-recognition software, I once again turned to vibe coding. If you read my Hands On piece in the April 2026 issue of <em><em>IEEE Spectrum</em></em> on <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/reviving-teletext-for-ham-radio" target="_self">creating a teletext suite for ham radio</a>, you’ll know I’ve been grappling with how vibe coding should be used in DIY projects, if at all. So this time, instead of letting Claude write all the software, I confined it to writing just two support libraries, which you can find in our online repository at <a href="https://github.com/IEEESpectrumHandsOn" target="_blank">https://github.com/IEEESpectrumHandsOn</a>.</p><p>One library is in charge of recording a lock gesture and saving it to the Teensy’s nonvolatile storage. The other library monitors the tile and reports whether or not a newly detected gesture passes a selectable threshold to be considered a match.</p><p>I wrote the top-level code myself to keep it as DIY as possible. This code handles things like a button that puts the system in gesture-recording mode after a brief delay, the indicator LED for recording mode, and the code that operates the physical locking mechanism.</p><p class="shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image"> <img alt="A diagram showing negative and positive charge carriers being separated towards different edges in the presence of a magnetic field, and a grid of sensors readings beneath the stroke line of a gesture." class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="800afd64839d8686c49854d2645e5584" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" id="c3a69" loading="lazy" src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-diagram-showing-negative-and-positive-charge-carriers-being-separated-towards-different-edges-in-the-presence-of-a-magnetic-fi.png?id=68493270&width=980"/> <small class="image-media media-caption" placeholder="Add Photo Caption...">Hall-effect sensors rely on a current passing through a p-type slab of silicon. A magnetic field passing through the silicon deflects charge carriers toward the edges of the slab, creating a voltage proportional to the field [left]. By looking at the intensities of the voltages across an 8-by-8 grid of sensors, the microcontroller can reconstruct a gesture [right]. </small><small class="image-media media-photo-credit" placeholder="Add Photo Credit...">James Provost</small></p><p>Of course, I needed something to lock to demonstrate my proof of concept. I bought a <a href="https://www.michaels.com/product/85-wood-trinket-box-by-make-market-10357776" target="_blank">wooden craft box</a> and removed the existing lid latch. I glued a notched beam inside the lid and built a mechanism that uses a servo motor to rotate another beam in and out of this notch. I will be the first to admit this mechanism goes beyond “simple” and into “simplistic,” but it’s sufficiently robust for my demo. The box has ample room for the magnetic imaging tile to be mounted against one wall, along with the Teensy and other supporting electronics. These include a battery pack, the recording button, and a small additional board with two NPN transistors. These convert the Teensy’s 3.3-volt control signals to a 5-V signal needed to drive the servo.</p><p>Once it was all put together, I soon discovered that the small size of the magnetic tile’s sensing area—just 3 centimeters square—made it easy to fit the tile inside the box but hard to do the unlock gesture on the outside so that it is read correctly. Marking the outline of the sensor area on the outside defeated the point of having a hidden lock, so instead I <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/watchy-the-hackable-50-smartwatch" target="_self">once again turned to mining my Irish heritage</a>. I created a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_knot" target="_blank">Celtic knotwork pattern</a> that runs in a band across the front of the lockbox (I used an <a href="https://dmackinnon1.github.io/celtic/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">online knotwork generator</a> and then projected and traced the pattern onto the box). Using the pattern as a camouflaged reference grid I can make a repeatable gesture within the confines of the sensor area. (To make the gestures I’m using a magnetic stylus borrowed from <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/weave-your-own-apollo-era-memory" target="_self">a ferrite core-memory kit</a> we featured in 2022.)</p><p>There’s obvious room for improvement in any more serious installation. The biggest drawback currently is that if the box is locked when the battery runs out, you can’t open it again without breaking something. This could be solved by adding a hidden inductive charging coil. Nonetheless, the demo lockbox works well—now I just have to think what I should store in it!</p> Reference: https://ift.tt/BFE3eHZ

Sunday, October 25, 2026

Poetry for Engineers: Of Code and Shortleaf Pine


<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/abstract-illustration-showing-two-beams-of-soft-pink-light-swimming-amidst-rows-of-dark-green-columns-patterned-like-wood-grain.png?id=68487080&width=1245&height=700&coordinates=0%2C108%2C0%2C108"/><br/><br/><p>I step into the warm moist air<br/><span>among the columns of the pines,<br/></span><span>their net of twigs and roots<br/></span><span>complex as any lines of code.</span></p><p>The trees purify and anchor.<br/><span>Their branches balance my restlessness.</span></p><p>Their calling is to be present,<br/><span>mine to develop apps. Our tasks<br/></span><span>verge toward a common logic:<br/></span><span>living filaments of root, of interface. </span></p> Reference: https://ift.tt/3El0QOm

Friday, October 23, 2026

From Chip Lab to Center Stage


<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/smiling-portrait-of-a-young-south-asian-woman-seated-in-front-of-her-work-computer.jpg?id=68453070&width=1245&height=700&coordinates=0%2C156%2C0%2C157"/><br/><br/><p>Many engineers are more comfortable working behind the scenes developing technology than speaking to consumers about products. But <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/preethiashwath/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Preethi Ashwath</a> has learned to take center stage, talking about the “hearable” and wearable devices she has had a hand in developing as an analog integrated circuit designer in the consumer electronics division at <a href="https://www.analog.com/en/index.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Analog Devices</a> of Wilmington, Mass.</p><p>The IEEE member is one of the few women who work in the <a href="https://www.zippia.com/analog-design-engineer-jobs/demographics/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">specialized field</a>, where about 11 percent are female, according to career platform <a href="https://www.zippia.com/about-us/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Zippia</a>.</p><h3>Preethi Ashwath</h3><br/><p><strong>Employer</strong> </p><p>Analog Devices, in Boston</p><p><strong>Title</strong> </p><p>Integrated circuit designer</p><p><strong>Member grade</strong> </p><p>Member</p><p><strong>Alma maters </strong></p><p><strong></strong>SJB Institute of Technology in Bengaluru, India; University of California, Irvine</p><p>Ashwath stepped out from behind the scenes last year to meet with attendees at the <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ces-2025" target="_self">Consumer Electronics Show</a> (CES) in Las Vegas. She demonstrated Analog’s new earbuds, which track people’s heart and lung health through vibrations in their ear canals.</p><p>After she demonstrated her ability to explain the technology to consumers in simple terms, Analog selected her to represent the company at other events. She says she has “come to see speaking as part of contributing to the field, rather than something separate from technical work.”</p><p>She also gives technical talks on various aspects of electrostatic discharge (ESD) and other topics, as well as participates in panel discussions, she says, because they “reach engineers well beyond my immediate team.”</p><p>Ashwath is an active volunteer with the <a href="https://ieee-cas.org/welcome" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">IEEE Circuits and Systems Society</a>.</p><p>“Whether through designing semiconductor products, publishing technical articles, reviewing conference papers, or speaking at industry events, I try to contribute to the growth of the engineering community and the advancement of the field,” she says.</p><h2>Discovering circuit design at Intel</h2><p>Ashwath, who grew up in Bengaluru, India, learned about electronics engineering from her high school physics tutor.</p><p>That introduction led her to take electronics as one of her core courses in her final years there. At the time, Ashwath’s older sister was pursuing an engineering degree.</p><p>“Between my interest in electronics and seeing her already on that path, it became clear to me that engineering was the way to go,” Ashwath says.</p><p>After earning a bachelor’s degree in electronics and communications engineering at the <a href="https://www.sjbit.edu.in/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">SJB Institute of Technology</a>, in Bengaluru, she wanted to pursue a career in <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/chip-design-innovator-lynn-conway" target="_self">very-large-scale integration</a>. But that changed once she moved to the United States and began her master’s program in electrical engineering at the <a href="https://uci.edu/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">University of California, Irvine</a>.</p><p>She discovered her passion for circuits and devices during an internship at <a href="https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/homepage.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Intel</a> in Santa Clara, Calif. She learned about circuit design, package design, and reliability verification tools such as Ansys Totem.</p><p>“Seeing every layer of the chip development process gave me a more complete picture of what goes into building a semiconductor product,” she says. “Through that experience, I realized I felt most connected to design.</p><p>“It was the hard work and creativity that drew me in. You start with a specification, build a circuit, simulate it, then wait for the chip to come back from fabrication. When your design works, it’s a real feeling of satisfaction. It teaches you patience and perseverance.”</p><p>After attaining her master’s degree, she was hired by Intel as an analog design engineer. She gained experience in mixed-signal circuit design before joining Analog. In her current role, she works on consumer hearables such as earbuds and wearables including fitness trackers and health monitors.</p><p>Her main focus is designing ESD pad rings, the borders of specialized circuits built around a microchip’s outermost edge to <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/electrostatic-discharge" target="_self">protect it from the discharge</a>, which can damage circuit paths or introduce latent defects that lead to failures later in the chip’s life cycle.</p><p>“On a chip with multiple voltage domains, you have to plan how the protection structures are placed and connected across the whole pad ring—and get it right,” Ashwath says. “A mistake there could cause a chip to fail in the field in ways that are very hard to debug afterward.</p><p>“It’s detailed work that requires understanding both the device physics and how the whole chip fits together.”</p><p>Part of the job is designing and creating an integrated circuit’s building blocks, including ESD protection structures and other mixed-signal blocks. Ashwath conducts rigorous checks to verify they work as intended before being integrated into a chip.</p><p>She collaborates with ESD advisors, layout designers, and the digital team that designs the chip’s digital logic.</p><p>“I work with them to make sure my analog circuits and their digital blocks work together correctly,” she says. “No two days look exactly the same.”</p><p>In 2024 she was recognized with the company’s Impact Award for her “exceptional work on a critical project with significant cross-functional business impact.”</p><h2>Presenting the final product</h2><p>Ashwath was selected to represent Analog at events after a senior leader encouraged her to ask for high-visibility opportunities, she says.</p><p>“Most of my time is spent on designing circuits and simulations,” she says. “At CES, I stood in front of customers, engineers, and members of the press, explaining our technology and answering questions on the spot.”</p><p>The earbuds she demonstrated monitor minute vibrations from a user’s heart and lungs, according to the <a href="https://www.analog.com/en/lp/001/ces/ces-healthcare-deoms.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Analog website</a>. The vibrations can detect arrhythmia, a leaky heart valve, or fluid in the lungs.</p><p>“Hearables are evolving from playing back audio to becoming health-monitoring platforms,” she says. “The ear turns out to be a good location for picking up physiological signals, so these devices can capture vital signs while someone is simply wearing them normally.</p><p>“The hard part is achieving high signal quality. The signals you’re trying to detect are very small and buried in the noise from the person’s movements and the surrounding environment.</p><p>“That’s where analog front-end design becomes critical. Extracting a meaningful signal from a noisy real-world environment is fundamentally an analog problem.”</p><p>Being face-to-face with customers at the conference was new to her.</p><p>“What struck me most was seeing how people react to the technology,” she says. “When you’re designing a block, you’re focused on specifications and margins. At CES, after explaining what the product does, I had a better understanding of why it matters to them.</p><p>“That connection between the circuit work and the final product is something you don’t always see from the design bench.”</p><p>Since the CES, Ashwath has presented other technologies she’s worked on. At the annual <a href="https://www.namm.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">National Association of Music Merchants</a> show in Anaheim, Calif., she demonstrated the <a href="https://www.analog.com/en/product-category/a2b-audio-bus.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">A<span>2</span>B Automotive Audio Bus</a> to the audio industry. The bus uses a low-cost unshielded twisted-pair cable to carry multichannel digital audio, control data, synchronized clock signals, and power in fewer than 50 microseconds, according to Analog.</p><p class="pull-quote">“IEEE connects you with academia, which you don’t get much exposure to once you’re in industry. That connection between industry and academic work is valuable in both directions.”</p><p>At the company’s Global Technology Conference—an internal event held in Boston that draws engineers from the company’s more than 50 sites around the world—Ashwath led a demonstration of its <a href="https://www.analog.com/en/solutions/consumer/hearables-and-wearables/ar-smart-glasses.html" target="_blank">solutions for augmented reality smart glasses</a>.</p><p>“Each of these events has a different audience,” she says. “Learning to explain my technical work to different people has become a skill I’ve acquired.”</p><p>The most rewarding part of her job, she says, is seeing the end result of her work.</p><p>“You spend months on a design, and there’s a long wait between finishing it and finding out whether your instincts were right,” she says. “When the measurements match what you simulated, that’s the most satisfying moment in this job.</p><p>“The other part is knowing my work ends up in a real product. The circuits I design go into devices people actually use every day.”</p><h2>Giving back to the community</h2><p>Like many engineers, Ashwath joined IEEE to access research published in the <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp" target="_blank">IEEE Xplore Digital Library</a>. It keeps her current in a field that keeps moving, she says.</p><p>During her first year of membership, in 2021, she discovered other perks including networking and educational opportunities.</p><p>“IEEE connects you to a community outside your own company,” she says. “Attending lectures and technical talks exposes you to approaches and problems you wouldn’t encounter in your own work.”</p><p>She eventually began seeking out volunteer opportunities, specifically with IEEE conferences and journals, because they are “how you stay current with what’s happening in circuits and systems beyond your own day-to-day work,” she says.</p><p>“As an analog designer,” she says, “being connected to that broader community matters. The field moves, and you need a way to keep learning from it.”</p><p>She serves as a peer reviewer of papers for several IEEE conferences including the <a href="https://2026.ieee-iscas.org/" target="_blank">IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems</a> and the <a href="https://mwscas2026.org/" target="_blank">IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems</a>. ISCAS is the flagship conference of the <a href="https://ieee-cas.org/welcome" target="_blank">IEEE Circuits and Systems Society</a>. MWSCAS is the oldest U.S. conference on the technologies.</p><p>“Someone has to assess whether submitted work is technically sound and worth presenting,” she says, “and that only happens if practicing engineers are willing to put in the time.”</p><p>The combination of learning from the community and contributing to it is what makes her membership worthwhile, she says.</p><p>“Analog design is a field where you’re always learning. Just when you feel you understand one architecture, there’s another one to learn,” she says. “Being an active learner isn’t optional in this field; it’s the requirement, and being part of the IEEE community helps with that.</p><p>“IEEE also connects you with academia, which you don’t get much exposure to once you’re in industry.</p><p>“Reviewing papers means reading what researchers are working on, which is often quite different from how the same problems get approached in a product environment. That connection between industry and academic work is valuable in both directions.”</p> Reference: https://ift.tt/wBXf0hF

Thursday, October 22, 2026

Disgraced eMudhra drops out of TLS business after using cert private key of 4


<p>eMudra, the certificate authority that issued eight intermediate TLS credentials so weak that anyone could mint certificates for any website or mail server—one had a private encryption key of just 4—said it’s getting out of the business.</p> <p>V. Srinivasan, chairman of India-based eMudhra Limited, <a href="https://emudhra.com/en/press-release/emudhra-to-exit-global-ssl-tls-certificate-business">cited</a> increasing costs and complexities of compliance requirements—paired with the business generating just 1 percent of its revenue. He also said that the emergence of organizations providing TLS certificates free of charge further reduced returns on investment when compared to other products and services the company offers.</p> <h2>Don't let the door hit you on the butt</h2> <p>“However, the level of social media amplification around this incident has brought scrutiny that is out of proportion to SSL/TLS’s place in our business,” the company continued in a Thursday post. “In view of this, after detailed deliberations our board has concluded that withdrawing from global SSL/TLS is the right decision for eMudhra and its shareholders.”</p><p><a href="https://arstechnica.com/security/2026/10/disgraced-emudhra-drops-out-of-tls-business-following-certificate-debacle/">Read full article</a></p> <p><a href="https://arstechnica.com/security/2026/10/disgraced-emudhra-drops-out-of-tls-business-following-certificate-debacle/#comments">Comments</a></p> Reference : https://ift.tt/6MdLGRK

Why AI Can’t Replace Engineering Teams


<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/an-illustration-of-stylized-people-wearing-business-casual-clothing.webp?id=61876810&width=1245&height=700&coordinates=0%2C112%2C0%2C113"/><br/><br/><p><em>This article is crossposted from </em>IEEE Spectrum<em>’s careers newsletter. <a href="https://engage.ieee.org/Career-Alert-Sign-Up.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><em>Sign up now</em></a><em> to get insider tips, expert advice, and practical strategies, <em><em>written i<em>n partnership with tech career development company <a href="https://www.parsity.io/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Parsity</a> and </em></em></em>delivered to your inbox for free!</em></em></p><p><em><em></em></em><span>If you’re an engineer, you may feel like your skills aren’t commanding the premium they once did. Many engineers have </span><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/how-to-survive-a-layoff" target="_self">faced layoffs</a><span> or restructuring. But even for those of us who still have jobs, something corrosive is happening. You may have heard some version of this:</span></p><p>“ChatGPT answered that in five seconds. Why can’t you?”</p><p>Or, “I made this app in a weekend. Why is our team taking so long?”</p><p>I worked on a team where leadership said things like this directly to engineers. This was in 2024 and 2025, when the <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-for-coding" target="_self">AI craze</a> was in full swing and Claude and ChatGPT <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/large-language-models-2668430044" target="_self">adoption was rising</a>.</p><h2>Demo-Driven Development</h2><p>Generative AI (and the marketing behind it) gives people the illusion that the work is simpler than it is. A working demo hides complexity, and once someone has a website that works, they may decide they no longer need engineers, or start to distrust the ones they do have. </p><p>Some CEOs want to believe they can replace an engineering team with a few sexy prompts. Many companies also want them to believe this.</p><p>That website <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-coding-degrades" target="_self">works great in the demo</a>—under specific conditions and without users with thumbs for fingers. Then it has to plug into a system with millions of lines of old code, satisfy legal requirements, meet accessibility standards, and be delivered in a complex deployment process.</p><p>Thinking that writing code was the only bottleneck for deploying new software is like the Titanic seeing the tip of the iceberg and assuming there was nothing underneath it.</p><h2>What you can do about it</h2><p>Engineers have a unique position in the AI space, because you have the capacity to understand how these models work much better than the average person. <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-code-review-software-engineers" target="_self">Use this to your advantage.</a></p><p><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/large-language-models-ieee-course" target="_self"><strong>Learn how AI models work</strong></a><strong>.</strong> If you can’t already explain that LLMs are probabilistic, what tokens are, or why training data matters, spend a weekend fixing that. You don’t need to become a full-blown AI researcher. A few fundamentals will put you ahead of most people making the AI decisions.</p><p><strong>Teach upward.</strong> Turn that knowledge into teaching moments for the people who lead you. Explain the limits of these tools, and why a demo and a production system are different animals. It keeps people from truly believing that a notebook full of prompts can replace an engineering team.</p><p><strong>Consider the criticism of today’s processes.</strong> Some of what we do has been treated as ceremony for too long. Be willing to say, “you know what, maybe you’re right, this process is too slow for the speed we can work at now.” Conceding that earns you the credibility to defend the steps that matter.</p><p>I still believe that speed at the cost of everything else is harmful—but that’s a topic for another time.</p><p><strong>Find your voice.</strong> Engineers at the forefront of AI adoption need to push back and explain why we do things the way we do. Nobody else in the room is going to do it for us.</p><h2>Don’t chase (too many) shiny objects</h2><p>Your goal, in my opinion, is to save your organization from buying into the hype so much that they chase the wrong thing. Our job, before and after AI, is building safe and useful products for human beings, and engineers are still best suited for that.</p><p>—Brian</p><h2><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/integrating-engineering-ethics-education" target="_self">We Need to Embed Ethics Into Our Engineering Courses</a></h2><p>The need to educate engineering students about ethics and social responsibility is widely recognized, but today’s curricula often miss the mark. Three professors propose a new approach: adding ethics training directly to core technical coursework. </p><p>Read more <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/integrating-engineering-ethics-education" target="_self">here</a>. </p><h2><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/anderon-quantum-fab" target="_self">The U.S. Just Bet $1 Billion on Quantum Chip Manufacturing</a></h2><p>Looking for a career in quantum computing hardware? An IBM spin-off called Anderon could receive up to $1 billion in funding from the U.S. CHIPS and Science Act for its quantum foundry, established earlier this year. Could Anderon do for quantum hardware what TSMC did for conventional chips? </p><p>Read more <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/anderon-quantum-fab" target="_self">here</a>. </p><h2><a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/anthropic-engineer-ai-agent" target="_self">Meet the Anthropic Engineer Keeping Its AI Agent Trustworthy</a></h2><p>When Gurmeet Saran joined Anthropic’s technical staff in 2025, he entered a role focused on a key question: How do you know whether you can trust a chatbot like Claude? Learn more about Saran’s path and his work at the AI company. </p><p>Read more <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/anthropic-engineer-ai-agent" target="_self">here</a>. </p> Reference: https://ift.tt/A4ETx0M

Why Engineers Should Brave Capitol Hill


<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/group-of-five-men-standing-outside-an-office-with-a-placard-that-reads-representative-greg-casar-texas-446.png?id=68486788&width=1245&height=700&coordinates=0%2C402%2C0%2C402"/><br/><br/><p>When San Antonio–based software engineer <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nikhiljathar/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Nikhil Jathar</a> first went to Washington, D.C., to advocate for federal support for technology education and research funding, he was in awe of the opportunity. It was spring of 2025, not long after Jathar settled in the United States from India, when he got an invitation to join the annual <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ieee-congressional-visits-day-2025" target="_self">Congressional Visits Day organized by IEEE-USA</a>.</p><p>“My first reaction was, ‘Wow, I get to visit Congress,’ ” says Jathar, CTO of <a href="https://www.avansaber.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">AvanSaber</a>, a business software company he cofounded in 2014. At the time, he did not have a specific lobbying position on behalf of the company. But he was intrigued by the invitation—which goes out to all U.S. IEEE members—and as he read more about congressional visits, his motivation deepened. He realized: “I need to try this. I want to see where it goes.”</p><h3>What’s Your Ask?</h3><br/><p>Congressional staffers expect clarity from advocates. Be clear on what you plan to ask for when you arrive. Here are some common options:</p><ul><li>Cosponsor (or oppose) an existing bill or amendment.</li><li>Preserve, remove, or modify legislative text in a bill under consideration.</li><li>Add language to an appropriations bill or committee report.</li><li>Ask a federal agency a specific oversight question.</li><li>Request a briefing, hearing, Government Accountability Office review, or stakeholder roundtable.</li><li>Encourage an agency to clarify a technical rule.</li></ul><p>Congressional staffers say they welcome the knowledge and perspective that engineers like Jathar and other visitors from beyond Washington, D.C., provide. It’s also important for those visitors to be clear on what they are advocating for. One staffer for the <a href="https://science.house.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology</a>, who agreed to speak anonymously due to the office’s media policy, says, “Ideas for new policies come from multiple places. It could begin at the [legislator] or staff level, an ask from a constituent, or needs from industry. It’s up to us to figure out what would do the most good,” the staffer said. “For instance, if you leave it to the lobbyists, they’re understandably going to do what’s in their clients’ interests.”</p><p>For engineers in the United States, speaking with elected representatives is an effective way to shape key policies, but it takes some preparation and the right approach, as Jathar learned over the course of two visits. </p><h2>Mapping Your Way Into Washington</h2><p>Congress’s job is to act on behalf of the people, and it has rules for how people can lobby it. It distinguishes between broader advocacy—conversations between constituents and U.S. representatives—and professional lobbying, which involves paid professionals and is governed by the Lobbying Disclosure Act. Many <a href="https://www.agu.org/Outreach/Congressional-Visits-Day" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">professional</a> <a href="https://mitspi.squarespace.com/cvd" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">groups</a> like IEEE also <a href="https://www.tms.org/portal/portal/Outreach/Public_and_Government_Affairs/Congressional_Visits_Days.aspx" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">organize</a> congressional visits for their members. Those visits can be subject to lobbying rules, so the organizers told Jathar that: “You are representing the organization, not your own views.” He would need to stick to the talking points IEEE-USA had prepared for all its participants, regardless of their specialty, to promote across several congressional offices.</p><p>On Jathar’s first visit, those organizational talking points included advocating for funding smart grids, authorizing <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/tag/department-of-energy" target="_self">Department of Energy research</a>, and <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ieee-tryengineering-funds-50-projects" target="_self">investing in STEM education</a>. That represents one of the trade-offs of access in Washington. IEEE-USA’s priorities didn’t all overlap directly with Jathar’s work, but they were broad enablers of science and technology and, he says, “STEM education funding is close to my heart.”</p><p>Anyone can approach their representatives in Washington with their personal priorities, Jathar notes, but given how pressed for time congressional staff are, they are more likely to prioritize a meeting that represents the views of as many of their constituents as possible. “I could have gone outside the IEEE structure,” Jathar says, but congressional staff “are more likely to listen if you are part of a much bigger organization.”</p><p>For <a href="https://lnkd.in/p/eb-qNDAA" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Jathar’s first congressional visit</a>, organizers assigned him to call on the offices of several representatives from both political parties based on where he lives: Representatives <a href="https://casar.house.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Greg Casar</a> (D-Texas), <a href="https://doggett.house.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Lloyd Doggett</a> (D-Texas), and <a href="https://barrymoore.house.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Barry Moore</a> (R-Ala.). “Meeting a staffer or a senior member from their office is good. They tend to relate to these issues more than a representative, because a representative has 10 different high-level things they have to worry about whereas the staffer can be more focused on the policy details,” Jathar says.</p><p>A typical visit like this may last <a href="https://ieeeusa.org/public-policy/congressional-meetings-toolkit/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">anywhere from 15 minutes to an hour</a>, so Jathar kept his talking points simple and short. “First and foremost you’re gonna get a very small window,” he says, “Make sure you’ve got everything ready to present in bullet points and not a lot of jargon. You can always bring that out later if they ask more questions.” Simple visual aids, in the form of one-page handouts, may be helpful for communicating numeric or technical information, too.</p><p class="pull-quote">“If you leave it to the lobbyists, they’re understandably going to do what’s in their clients’ interests.”<span><strong>–Staffer for the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology</strong></span></p><p><span></span>The House Science Committee staffer agrees: “I prefer meetings where people know what they want and know what we’re doing in Congress.” In addition to having a clear request, the staffer says engineers and other advocates should keep track of where Congress is in its cycle: Is it appropriations season, and when is the next budget being set? How far along is a given piece of legislation in the process, and what is realistic to change at that point?</p><p>During Jathar’s 2025 visit to one Capitol Hill office, he learned firsthand the importance of preparation. For one of the three representatives he visited, staff politely pointed out that the legislator they worked for was not on the committee with jurisdiction over the IEEE-USA talking point they were discussing. “They explained that there are only certain things [the legislator] can do on that issue and that there are other people we need to talk to, to achieve more,” Jathar recalls. </p><h2>Shortcuts to Influence</h2><p>Earlier this year, Jathar decided to go back to Capitol Hill with his newfound knowledge, again within the framework of an IEEE-USA visit. This time he was able to provide something else legislative staff want from engineers: authoritative technical knowledge.</p><p>“When I introduced myself as a software developer to one staffer, his first question was, ‘Do you think AI will replace coders?’ ” Jathar says. The conversation went back and forth, with the staffer asking Jathar and his other engineering companions questions. Jathar went on to explain that his company developed an open-source business-management software it calls <a href="https://www.erpclaw.ai" target="_blank">ERPClaw</a>, designed to be used with AI agents such as OpenClaw. That led naturally to discussing the role of <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/open-source-ai" target="_self">open source in AI</a>, which plays a role in <a href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/ieee-congressional-visits-day-2025" target="_self">one of IEEE-USA’s proposals for democratizing AI</a>. This time Jathar was able to align his organization’s advocacy with his expertise and the staffer’s areas of interest.</p><p>It’s too soon to know what legislative impact that advocacy might have, but it’s the sort of informed, relevant proposal that legislative staff seek out. “The people who build trust have more cachet with congressional staff because they’ve asked for something that’s reasonably thought out,” the House Science Committee staffer says. In turn, congressional staffers can advocate better within their offices for policies brought to them by people they trust.</p><p>And talking about the issues you care the most about can deepen that trust. The House Science Committee staffer once visited Congress as an advocate before switching to the other side of the table. On that visit, as on Jathar’s, the professional society organizing the visit provided a pitch. “I was making a pitch that was given to me without a lot of personal buy-in,” the staffer says. Instead, “you should feel emotionally connected to any issue you’re advocating for.”</p><p>Jathar’s support for the open-source movement is like that. Open source gives smaller companies a foundation they can adapt and build upon, while allowing other developers to extend that work. “We can progress a lot faster,” Jathar says. “I’m not doing it only because it’s good for my business, but because I feel it’s good for any technological advancement.”</p> Reference: https://ift.tt/1ZkuRhd

IEEE Xplore Digital Library Adds AI Assistant

<img src="https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/illustration-of-an-academic-paper-collaged-with-overlapping-question-marks-and-co...